What Minus Diopter Reading Do I Need to See Tv Clearly From 15 Feet?
New IELTS reading practise test 2 [How Well Practice Nosotros Concentrate?]
READING PASSAGE 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 beneath.
Do you read while listening to music? Practice you like to spotter TV while finishing your homework? People who accept these kinds of habits are chosen multi-taskers. Multitaskers are able to complete ii tasks at the aforementioned time past dividing their focus. However, Thomas Lehman, a researcher in Psychology, believes people never really do multiple things simultaneously. Perhaps a person is reading while listening to music, but in reality, the brain tin can only focus on one task. Reading the words in a volume will cause you to ignore some of the words of the music. When people think they are accomplishing two unlike tasks efficiently, what they are really doing is dividing their focus. While listening to music, people become less able to focus on their surroundings. For example, nosotros all have experience of times when we talk with friends and they are not responding properly. Perhaps they are listening to someone else talk, or maybe they are reading a text on their smart phone and don't hear what you lot are saying. Lehman chosen this phenomenon "electronic mail vocalization"
B
the world has been changed by computers and its spin offs similar smart-phones or cellphones. Now that most individuals have a personal device, like a smart-phone or a laptop, they are frequently reading, watching or listening to virtual information. This raises the occurrence of multitasking in our day to mean solar day life. Now when you lot work, you work with your typewriter, your cellphone, and some colleagues who may drop by at whatsoever fourth dimension to speak with you. In professional meetings, when 1 normally focuses and listens to i some other, people are more likely to have a cell phone in their lap, reading or communicating silently with more than people than ever, liven inventions such equally the cordless phone has increased multitasking. In the quondam days, a traditional wall phone would ring, and then the housewife would take to end her activities to answer it. When it rang, the housewife will sit down with her legs upwards. and conversation, with no laundry or sweeping or answering the door. In the modern era, our engineering science is convenient plenty to not interrupt our daily tasks.
C
Earl Miller, an expert at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, studied the prefrontal cortex, which controls the brain while a person is multitasking. Co-ordinate to his studies, the size of this cortex varies betwixt species, He establish that for humans, the size of this office constitutes 1 tertiary of the brain, while it is simply 4 to v percent in dogs, and virtually fifteen% in monkeys. Given that this cortex is larger on a human being, it allows a human being to be more flexible and accurate in his or her multitasking.. However, Miller wanted to look further into whether the cortex was truly processing information about two different tasks
simultaneously. He designed an experiment where he presents visual stimulants to his subjects in a wax that mimics multi-tasking. Miller then attached sensors to the patients " heads to pick upwards the electric patterns of the brain. This sensor would prove if " the brain particles, called neurons, were truly processing two dissimilar tasks. What he found is that the brain neurons only lit up in singular areas ane at a time, and never simultaneously.
D
Davis Meyer, a professor of Academy of Michigan, studied the young adults in a similar experiment. He instructed them to simultaneously exercise math problems and classify unproblematic words into dissimilar categories. For this experiment. Meyer found that when you lot call up you are doing several jobs at the same fourth dimension, y'all are actually switching between jobs. Even though the people tried to do the tasks at the aforementioned time, and both tasks were eventually accomplished, overall, the task wait more fourth dimension than if the person focused on a single task 1 at a time.
Due east
People cede efficiency when multitasking, Gloria Marker set office workers as his subjects. He constitute that they were constantly multitasking. He observed that nearly every 11 minutes people at work were disrupted. He found that doing unlike jobs at the same time may actually save fourth dimension. However, despite the fact that they are faster, it does non hateful they are more than efficient. And we are as likely to self-interrupt as exist interrupted past outside sources. He found that in office virtually every 12 minutes an employee would stop and with no reason at all, cheek a website on their computer, phone call someone or write an email. If they full-bodied for more 20 minutes, they would feel distressed. He suggested that the average person may suffer from a curt concentration span. This short attending span might be natural, merely others advise that new engineering science may exist the trouble. With cellphones and computers at our sides at all times, people volition never run out of distractions. The format of media, such as advertisements, music, news manufactures and TV shows are too shortening, so people are used to paying attention to information for a very curt time
F
So even though focusing on one single task is the most efficient way for our brains to work, it is not practical to use this method in existent life. According to human nature, people experience more comfortable and efficient in environments with a multifariousness of tasks, Edward Hallowell said that people are losing a lot of efficiency in the workplace due to multitasking, outside distractions and self-distractions. As it matter of fact, the changes made to the workplace practice not accept to be dramatic. No 1 is suggesting we ban electronic mail or brand employees focus on just i task. However, sure common workplace tasks, such as group meetings, would be more efficient if nosotros banned cell-phones, a mutual distraction. A person can likewise apply these tips to prevent self-distraction. Instead of arriving to your function and checking all of your e-mails for new tasks, a common workplace ritual, a person could dedicate an hour to a unmarried task first thing in the morning. Self-timing is a corking manner to reduce distraction and efficiently finish tasks one past one, instead of slowing ourselves down with multi-tasking.
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SECTION two: QUESTIONS 14-26
Questions fourteen-18
Reading Passage ii has six paragraphs, A-F.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the right letter, A-F, in boxes 14-18 on your answer sail.
14 a reference to a domestic state of affairs that does non require multitasking
15 a possible explanation of why we always do multitask together
sixteen a practical solution to multitask in work environment
17 relating multitasking to the size of prefrontal cortex
18 longer time spent doing two tasks at the same time than 1 at a time
Questions 19-23
Expect at the following statements (Questions xix-23) and the listing of scientists below. Friction match each statement with the correct scientist, A-Eastward.
Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 19-23 on your answer sheet.
NB Y'all may employ any letter more once.
Listing of Scientists
A Thomas Lehman
B Earl Miller
C David Meyer
D Gloria Marker
E Edward Hallowell
xix When faced multiple visual stimulants, i tin can but concentrate on one of them.
xx Doing two things together may exist faster but non better.
21 People never really do ii things together even if you lot recollect you exercise.
22 The causes of multitask lie in the surround.
23 Even minor changes in the workplace volition amend piece of work efficiency.
Questions 24-26
Consummate the sentences below.
Cull NO More than TWO WORDS from the passage for each reply.
Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer canvass .
A term used to refer to a situation when you are reading a text and cannot focus on your surroundings is 24 _________
The 25 _________
part of the encephalon controls multitasking.
The practical solution of multitask in piece of work is non to permit use of cellphone in 26 _______
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ANSWERS
14 B
15 E
16 F
17 C
xviii D
19 B
20 D
21 A
22 E
23 E
24 email voice
25 prefrontal cortex
26 grouping meetings
Source: http://overseaspunjab.blogspot.com/2018/06/new-ielts-reading-practice-test-2-how.html
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